Kerala is a region located in the southwestern part of India, known for its unique geography and diverse climate, which supports a wide range of flora and fauna.
Quick Facts
Location & Borders
Kerala is situated in the southwestern part of the Indian subcontinent, bordered by the Arabian Sea to the west and the Western Ghats mountain range to the east. The region is surrounded by the states of Tamil Nadu to the east and south, and Karnataka to the north. The coastline of Kerala stretches for approximately 580 kilometers, providing a unique combination of coastal and mountainous landscapes. The location of Kerala near the equator and the presence of the Western Ghats mountain range contribute to its unique geography and climate.
The borders of Kerala are defined by its neighboring states, with the state of Tamil Nadu sharing the longest border to the east and south. The border with Karnataka to the north is shorter, but still significant, and marks the transition from the Western Ghats to the Deccan Plateau. The Arabian Sea coast provides a significant portion of Kerala's border, with the region's ports and harbors playing an important role in its economy and trade. The location of Kerala also makes it vulnerable to natural disasters such as cyclones and tsunamis, which can have a significant impact on the region's population and infrastructure.
Terrain & Landscape
The terrain of Kerala is characterized by a unique combination of coastal plains, mountains, and forests. The Western Ghats mountain range runs along the eastern border of the state, with peaks reaching elevations of over 2,000 meters. The highest point in Kerala is Anamudi, which is located in the Idukki district and has an elevation of 2,695 meters. The mountain range is home to a wide range of flora and fauna, including many endemic species that are found nowhere else in the world.
The coastal plains of Kerala are narrow and stretch along the Arabian Sea coast, with many beaches, estuaries, and wetlands that provide a habitat for a wide range of marine life. The region is also home to many rivers, including the Periyar, Bharathapuzha, and Pamba, which flow through the state and provide water for irrigation, drinking, and industrial purposes. The forests of Kerala are also an important feature of the state's terrain, with many protected areas such as national parks and wildlife sanctuaries that provide a habitat for a wide range of flora and fauna.
The landscape of Kerala is also characterized by many backwaters, which are a network of lakes, canals, and wetlands that provide a habitat for a wide range of aquatic life. The backwaters are an important feature of Kerala's terrain, and are used for transportation, fishing, and tourism. The region is also home to many tea plantations, spice gardens, and coffee estates, which provide a significant portion of the state's economy.
Climate By Season
| Season | Months | Temperature Range | Rainfall | Conditions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Summer | March to May | 25-35°C | Low | Hot and humid |
| Monsoon | June to September | 20-30°C | High | Rainy and windy |
| Winter | December to February | 15-25°C | Low | Cool and dry |
| Spring | October to November | 20-30°C | Medium | Mild and pleasant |
Best Time To Visit
Best months: October to February. Why: The weather is cool and dry, making it ideal for sightseeing and outdoor activities. Avoid: June to September, as the monsoon season can make travel difficult and uncomfortable.
Natural Highlights
- Periyar National Park is a protected area that provides a habitat for a wide range of flora and fauna, including tigers, elephants, and bisons.
- The backwaters of Kerala are a network of lakes, canals, and wetlands that provide a habitat for a wide range of aquatic life, including fish, birds, and mammals.
- The Western Ghats mountain range is home to many endemic species that are found nowhere else in the world, including plants, animals, and insects.
- The beaches of Kerala are known for their beauty and tranquility, with many resorts and tourist facilities that cater to visitors from around the world.
- The silent valley national park is a protected area that provides a habitat for a wide range of flora and fauna, including lions, tigers, and leopards.
- The Thattekkad bird sanctuary is a protected area that provides a habitat for a wide range of bird species, including waterbirds, songbirds, and birds of prey.