Hawaii is divided into eight main islands, each with its own unique character and attractions, and is further subdivided into five counties, which are the principal administrative divisions of the state.
Quick Facts
How Hawaii Is Divided
Hawaii is an archipelago located in the Pacific Ocean, comprising eight main islands: Oahu, Maui, Kauai, Hawaii Island, Lanai, Molokai, Niihau, and Kahoolawe. The state is divided into five counties, each serving as the primary administrative division. These counties are responsible for providing various local services, including law enforcement, transportation, and social services. The county system allows for a degree of autonomy and flexibility in addressing the unique needs and challenges of each island.
The five counties in Hawaii are Hawaii County, Honolulu County, Kalawao County, Kauai County, and Maui County. Each county has its own government and administrative structure, with the exception of Kalawao County, which is a special case due to its small size and unique history. Kalawao County is a separate administrative entity, but it is not a typical county and is managed by the state of Hawaii. This system of government allows for efficient management of the state's resources and provides a framework for addressing the diverse needs of Hawaii's population.
Major Cities
Honolulu (342,000)
Role: capital, economic hub, cultural center
Known For: its iconic Waikiki Beach, historic Pearl Harbor, and vibrant arts and culture scene
Best For: visitors interested in history, culture, and urban entertainment
Hilo (46,000)
Role: economic hub, cultural center
Known For: its historic downtown area, beautiful botanical gardens, and proximity to Hawaii Volcanoes National Park
Best For: nature lovers, outdoor enthusiasts, and those interested in Hawaiian history and culture
Kahului (26,000)
Role: economic hub, port city
Known For: its bustling harbor, shopping centers, and access to nearby beaches and outdoor recreation areas
Best For: visitors looking for a mix of urban and outdoor activities, as well as those interested in exploring the island of Maui
Kailua (38,000)
Role: suburban town, cultural center
Known For: its beautiful beaches, historic sites, and vibrant community events
Best For: families, outdoor enthusiasts, and those seeking a more laid-back atmosphere
Kapaa (11,000)
Role: tourist hub, cultural center
Known For: its historic town center, beautiful beaches, and outdoor recreation opportunities
Best For: visitors looking for a mix of relaxation, culture, and outdoor activities, as well as those interested in exploring the island of Kauai
Key Regions
| Region | Character | Known For | Major City |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oahu | Urban, historic | Pearl Harbor, Waikiki Beach, Diamond Head | Honolulu |
| Maui | Tropical, scenic | Haleakala National Park, Road to Hana, beaches | Kahului |
| Kauai | Natural, rugged | Na Pali Coast, Wailua River, beaches | Kapaa |
| Hawaii Island | Volcanic, rural | Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, coffee farms, black sand beaches | Hilo |
| Lanai | Luxury, rural | Golf courses, luxury resorts, historic sites | Lanai City |
| Molokai | Rural, historic | Rural landscapes, historic sites, outdoor recreation | Kaunakakai |
| Niihau | Private, rural | Private island, wildlife refuge, historic sites | none |
| Kahoolawe | Uninhabited, historic | Historic sites, wildlife refuge, outdoor recreation | none |
Regional Differences
- The islands of Hawaii have distinct cultural and economic profiles, with Oahu being the most urbanized and economically developed, while the other islands are more rural and focused on agriculture and tourism.
- The climate varies significantly across the state, with tropical conditions prevailing on the lower elevations and temperate conditions found at higher elevations, such as on the slopes of Mauna Kea.
- The language spoken in Hawaii is predominantly English, but there are also many native Hawaiian speakers, and the state has a unique cultural identity shaped by its indigenous, Asian, and American influences.
- The economy of Hawaii is driven by tourism, agriculture, and the military, with each island having its own unique economic profile and areas of specialization.
Getting Around
Hawaii has a well-developed transportation network, with domestic flights connecting the major islands and buses providing public transportation within each island. There are no trains in Hawaii, but the state has an extensive network of roads and highways, making driving a popular option for getting around. Many visitors choose to rent cars to explore the islands, and there are also numerous shuttle services and tour operators offering transportation and guided tours. The roads in Hawaii are generally well-maintained, but driving conditions can be challenging, particularly on the rural roads and scenic highways, such as the Road to Hana on Maui.
Domestic flights are the fastest way to travel between the islands, with multiple daily flights connecting Honolulu with the other major airports in Hawaii. The main airports are Honolulu International Airport, Kahului Airport, Kona International Airport, and Lihue Airport, and there are also several smaller airports serving the more remote areas of the state. Buses are a convenient and affordable option for public transportation within each island, with many routes connecting the major towns and cities. Overall, getting around Hawaii is relatively easy, with a range of transportation options available to suit different needs and preferences.