Verified Facts

Official NameIslamic Republic of Mauritania
CapitalNouakchott
Population4.9 million
Area1,030,700 km² (397955 sq mi)
LanguagesArabic
CurrencyMauritanian ouguiya (UM)
TimezoneUTC
RegionAfrica / Western Africa
Drives onRight
Source: REST Countries API

Doing business in Mauritania can be challenging due to its complex bureaucracy and limited infrastructure, but the country offers significant investment opportunities in key sectors such as mining, fisheries, and renewable energy.

Quick Facts

Ease of Doing Business152 out of 190 countries (World Bank ranking)
Corporate Tax Rate25%
FDI Inflow$140 million annual
Special Economic ZonesYes, 2
Key IndustriesMining, Fisheries, Agriculture
Currency StabilityModerate

Business Environment

Mauritania's business environment is characterized by a complex bureaucracy and a relatively unstable political climate. The government has implemented various reforms to attract foreign investment and improve the business climate, but corruption remains a significant challenge. The country has a relatively small but growing economy, with a strong focus on extractive industries such as mining and oil. The government's attitude towards foreign investment is generally positive, with efforts to promote investment in key sectors and provide incentives for foreign investors.

The level of bureaucracy in Mauritania can be a significant obstacle for businesses, with complex and time-consuming procedures for registering and operating a business. Corruption is also a major challenge, with bribery and nepotism common in many areas of business and government. Despite these challenges, Mauritania offers significant opportunities for investors, particularly in the mining and fisheries sectors.

Mauritania's economy is also vulnerable to external shocks, such as changes in global commodity prices and weather-related disruptions to agricultural production. The country is also heavily reliant on imported goods, which can make it vulnerable to fluctuations in global trade patterns.

Starting a Business

StepRequirementTimeCost (USD)
1Obtain a business license10 days500
2Register with the Ministry of Commerce5 days200
3Obtain a tax identification number3 days100
4Open a business bank account5 days500
5Register with the social security authority5 days200
6Obtain any necessary permits or licenses10-30 days500-1000
7Register with the Chamber of Commerce5 days200
8Obtain a certificate of registration10 days500

Investment Opportunities

SectorOpportunityGrowth PotentialNotes
MiningIron ore, copper, and gold miningHighMauritania has significant mineral resources, with several major mining projects underway
FisheriesFishing and seafood processingMediumMauritania has a rich marine ecosystem, with opportunities for sustainable fishing and seafood processing
Renewable EnergySolar and wind powerHighMauritania has significant renewable energy resources, with opportunities for investment in solar and wind power
AgricultureIrrigation and crop productionMediumMauritania has significant agricultural potential, with opportunities for investment in irrigation and crop production
TourismEco-tourism and cultural tourismLowMauritania has a rich cultural heritage and natural beauty, with opportunities for investment in eco-tourism and cultural tourism
InfrastructurePort and transportation infrastructureMediumMauritania has significant infrastructure needs, with opportunities for investment in port and transportation infrastructure

Foreign Direct Investment

  • Mauritania has seen a significant increase in foreign direct investment (FDI) in recent years, particularly in the mining and energy sectors.
  • The main investing countries in Mauritania are China, the United Arab Emirates, and France.
  • The government offers various incentives for foreign investors, including tax breaks and investment subsidies.
  • Restricted sectors for FDI include defense, security, and certain areas of the media.
  • Mauritania is a member of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU), which provides a framework for regional economic integration and cooperation.
  • Mauritania's business laws are based on French law, with a relatively well-developed legal framework.
  • Intellectual property protection is relatively weak, with limited enforcement of copyright and trademark laws.
  • Labor laws are relatively rigid, with strict regulations on employment and working conditions.
  • Dispute resolution is often slow and bureaucratic, with a relatively underdeveloped judicial system.
  • Mauritania is a signatory to several international conventions, including the United Nations Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards.
  • The government has established a one-stop shop for investors, which provides a single point of contact for investment-related procedures and approvals.

Challenges & Risks

  • Mauritania faces significant challenges related to corruption, with bribery and nepotism common in many areas of business and government.
  • The country is vulnerable to political risk, with a relatively unstable political climate and a history of coups and unrest.
  • Market limitations are a significant challenge, with a relatively small domestic market and limited access to regional and international markets.
  • Currency risks are also a challenge, with a relatively unstable currency and limited access to foreign exchange.
  • Mauritania is also vulnerable to climate change, with significant risks related to drought, desertification, and coastal erosion.
  • The country has a relatively underdeveloped infrastructure, with limited access to basic services such as electricity, water, and transportation.

Free Zones & Incentives

  • Mauritania has established two special economic zones (SEZs), which offer tax breaks and other incentives for investors.
  • The government offers various tax incentives, including exemptions from corporate tax and value-added tax.
  • The Investment Promotion Agency (API) provides a range of services and support for investors, including investment facilitation and business registration.
  • Mauritania also offers investment subsidies, including grants and loans for investors in key sectors such as mining and agriculture.
  • The government has established a one-stop shop for investors, which provides a single point of contact for investment-related procedures and approvals.