Verified Facts

Official NameGibraltar
CapitalGibraltar
Population38,000
Area6.0 km²
LanguagesEnglish
CurrencyGibraltar pound (£)
TimezoneUTC+01:00
RegionEurope / Southern Europe
Drives onRight
Source: REST Countries API

Gibraltar is a British Overseas Territory located on the Iberian Peninsula in southwestern Europe, bordering Spain to the north and east, with the Mediterranean Sea to the south and west.

Quick Facts

Land Area6 km², about the size of a small town
Highest PointRock of Gibraltar, 426 meters
Lowest PointMediterranean Sea, 0 meters
Coastline12 km
BordersSpain
Climate TypeMediterranean

Location & Borders

Gibraltar is situated on the southern tip of the Iberian Peninsula, at the entrance to the Mediterranean Sea. It is bordered by Spain to the north and east, with the city of La Línea de la Concepción being the nearest Spanish town. The territory is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the south and west, and the Strait of Gibraltar separates it from Morocco, Africa. The strategic location of Gibraltar has made it an important military and naval outpost for centuries.

The border between Gibraltar and Spain is approximately 1.2 kilometers long, and there is a crossing point at the northern end of the territory. The border has been the subject of some dispute over the years, with Spain claiming sovereignty over Gibraltar. However, the territory has been under British control since 1704, and the majority of its residents are British citizens. The surrounding waters are an important habitat for marine life, and the territory's unique location makes it a key location for shipping and trade.

Terrain & Landscape

Gibraltar's terrain is dominated by the Rock of Gibraltar, a limestone promontory that rises steeply from the sea to a height of 426 meters. The rock is a significant landmark and has been an important strategic location for centuries. The territory's landscape is also characterized by a number of beaches, coves, and inlets, which provide habitat for a variety of marine life. The interior of the territory is largely urbanized, with a number of residential and commercial areas.

The Upper Rock Nature Reserve covers a significant portion of the territory and is home to a variety of flora and fauna, including the famous Barbary macaques, a troop of wild monkeys that inhabit the upper rock. The reserve also includes a number of hiking trails, tunnels, and caves, which provide stunning views of the surrounding area. The terrain is generally steep and rocky, with limited areas of flat land, making it a challenging but rewarding place to explore.

The coastline of Gibraltar is characterized by a number of cliffs, caves, and beaches, which provide habitat for a variety of marine life. The eastern coast is generally more sheltered than the western coast, which is exposed to the open Mediterranean Sea. The territory's unique geology has created a number of natural formations, including the Pillars of Hercules, which are two rocky outcrops that mark the entrance to the Strait of Gibraltar.

Climate By Season

SeasonMonthsTemperature RangeRainfallConditions
SpringMarch to May17-22°C60-80 mmMild, sunny
SummerJune to August25-30°C10-20 mmHot, dry
AutumnSeptember to November18-24°C80-100 mmWarm, sunny
WinterDecember to February12-18°C100-120 mmCool, wet

Best Time To Visit

Best months: September to November and March to May. Why: The weather is generally mild and sunny during these periods, making it ideal for outdoor activities such as hiking and sightseeing. Avoid: July and August, as the heat and humidity can be overwhelming, and the territory is often crowded with tourists.

Natural Highlights

  • The Upper Rock Nature Reserve is a protected area that covers a significant portion of the territory and is home to a variety of flora and fauna.
  • The Rock of Gibraltar is a limestone promontory that rises steeply from the sea to a height of 426 meters.
  • The Barbary macaques are a troop of wild monkeys that inhabit the upper rock and are a popular tourist attraction.
  • The Gibraltar Botanic Gardens are a beautiful park that features a variety of plant species and provides stunning views of the surrounding area.
  • The Europa Point is the southernmost point of the territory and offers stunning views of the Mediterranean Sea and the Strait of Gibraltar.
  • The Gorham's Cave is a network of caves that are home to a variety of unique flora and fauna and provide stunning views of the surrounding area.