Verified Facts

Official NameRepublic of Latvia
CapitalRiga
Population1.8 million
Area64,559 km² (24,926 sq mi)
LanguagesLatvian
Currencyeuro (€)
TimezoneUTC+02:00
RegionEurope / Northern Europe
Drives onRight
Source: REST Countries API

Quick Facts

GDP (nominal)($34 billion estimate)
GDP Per Capita($18,700 estimate)
Income Classification(High)
Main Industries(wood processing, IT, manufacturing)
CurrencyEUR
Unemployment Rate(7% approximate)
Ease of Doing Business(ranked 19th globally)

Economic Overview

Latvia has a high-income economy, with a strong service sector and a growing IT industry. The country has made significant progress in recent years, with a steady growth rate and a decreasing unemployment rate. Latvia's economy is driven by its strategic location, highly skilled workforce, and favorable business environment. The country has been a member of the European Union since 2004 and adopted the euro as its currency in 2014, which has further integrated it into the European economy.

Latvia's economic development level is considered high, with a strong focus on innovation and technology. The country has invested heavily in its education system, with a high percentage of the population holding a tertiary education degree. This has led to a highly skilled workforce, with a strong emphasis on IT, engineering, and other technical fields. The country's economic trajectory is expected to continue its growth path, with a focus on increasing foreign investment, improving the business environment, and developing its infrastructure.

The country's economy is also driven by its small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which account for a significant portion of the country's GDP. These SMEs are primarily focused on the service sector, with a strong emphasis on IT, finance, and tourism. The government has implemented various policies to support the growth of SMEs, including tax incentives, funding for research and development, and programs to improve access to finance.

Key Industries

IndustryContributionDetails
Wood Processing10% of GDPLatvia is one of the largest wood processors in the EU, with a strong focus on sustainable forestry practices
IT5% of GDPThe IT sector is growing rapidly, with a strong focus on software development, data centers, and cybersecurity
Manufacturing15% of GDPThe manufacturing sector is diverse, with a focus on food processing, textiles, and machinery
Services60% of GDPThe service sector is the largest contributor to the economy, with a strong focus on finance, tourism, and logistics
Tourism5% of GDPTourism is a growing sector, with a focus on cultural heritage, nature tourism, and medical tourism

Trade Profile

Top Exports:

  • Machinery and electronics, which account for a significant portion of the country's exports
  • Wood and wood products, which are exported to countries across the EU and beyond
  • Food and beverages, with a focus on organic and specialty products
  • Chemicals and pharmaceuticals, which are exported to countries across the globe
  • Textiles and clothing, which are exported to countries in the EU and beyond

Top Imports:

  • Machinery and electronics
  • Vehicles and transportation equipment
  • Chemicals and pharmaceuticals
  • Food and beverages
  • Energy and fuel

Key Trading Partners:

  • Germany, which is one of the country's largest trading partners
  • Russia, which is an important trading partner despite recent trade restrictions
  • Lithuania, which is a key partner in the region
  • Estonia, which is a close neighbor and trading partner
  • Poland, which is an important partner in the EU

Infrastructure

  • The country has a well-developed transport network, with a focus on roads, railways, and ports
  • The energy sector is primarily focused on renewable energy, with a strong emphasis on wind and biomass energy
  • Internet and mobile penetration are high, with over 80% of the population having access to the internet
  • The country has several major ports, including the Port of Riga and the Port of Ventspils, which are important for trade and logistics
  • The Riga International Airport is the country's largest airport, with connections to destinations across Europe and beyond

Economic Outlook

Latvia's economic outlook is positive, with a focus on continued growth and development. The country is expected to continue its growth path, with a focus on increasing foreign investment, improving the business environment, and developing its infrastructure. The government has implemented various policies to support the growth of the economy, including tax incentives, funding for research and development, and programs to improve access to finance. The country is also expected to continue its focus on innovation and technology, with a strong emphasis on IT, engineering, and other technical fields.

The country's economic development priorities include increasing the competitiveness of the economy, improving the business environment, and developing its infrastructure. The government has also implemented various policies to support the growth of SMEs, including tax incentives, funding for research and development, and programs to improve access to finance. Major projects and reforms include the development of the country's transport network, the improvement of the energy sector, and the development of the country's IT sector. Overall, Latvia's economy is expected to continue its growth path, with a focus on innovation, technology, and sustainable development.

Related: Cost of Living · Monthly Budget Guide