Verified Facts

Official NameTerritory of Norfolk Island
CapitalKingston
Population2,188
Area36.0 km²
LanguagesEnglish, Norfuk
CurrencyAustralian dollar ($)
TimezoneUTC+11:30
RegionOceania / Australia and New Zealand
Drives onLeft
Source: REST Countries API

Norfolk Island is a small territory located in the Pacific Ocean, situated between Australia and New Zealand, with a unique geography and climate that supports a diverse range of flora and fauna.

Quick Facts

Land Area36 km², about the size of the island of Bermuda
Highest PointMount Bates, 319 meters
Lowest PointPacific Ocean, 0 meters
Coastline32 km
BordersNew Zealand, New Caledonia
Climate Typesubtropical

Location & Borders

Norfolk Island is situated in the Pacific Ocean, approximately 1,400 kilometers northeast of Sydney, Australia, and 1,000 kilometers northwest of New Zealand. The island is surrounded by the Pacific Ocean and is part of the Pacific Islands region. The territory is bordered by the external territories of New Zealand and New Caledonia, which is a special collectivity of France. The island's remote location and limited accessibility have helped to preserve its unique culture and environment.

The island's proximity to the equator and its location in the Pacific Ocean have a significant impact on its climate and geography. The surrounding ocean plays a crucial role in shaping the island's coastline, with coral reefs and rocky shores providing a habitat for a diverse range of marine life. The island's location also makes it vulnerable to cyclones and tsunamis, which can have a significant impact on the island's infrastructure and ecosystem.

Terrain & Landscape

Norfolk Island's terrain is characterized by hills and valleys, with the highest point being Mount Bates, which rises to an elevation of 319 meters. The island's landscape is dominated by forests, which cover approximately 40% of the island's land area. The forests are home to a diverse range of flora and fauna, including pines, eucalyptus, and fern trees. The island's coastline is rocky and rugged, with cliffs and caves providing a habitat for seabirds and marine life.

The island's interior is home to several rivers and streams, which flow into the Pacific Ocean. The rivers are an important source of freshwater, and they support a diverse range of aquatic life, including fish and crustaceans. The island's terrain and landscape have been shaped by millions of years of geological activity, including volcanic eruptions and erosion. The island's unique geology has created a diverse range of landforms, including valleys, hills, and coastal plains.

The island's soil is fertile and supports a diverse range of agriculture, including crops and livestock. The island's farmers produce a range of products, including fruits, vegetables, and dairy products. The island's unique terrain and climate make it an ideal location for ecotourism, with visitors able to explore the island's forests, coastlines, and wildlife.

Climate By Season

SeasonMonthsTemperature RangeRainfallConditions
SummerDecember to February22-28°C100-150 mmHumid and sunny
AutumnMarch to May18-24°C80-120 mmMild and pleasant
WinterJune to August12-18°C60-100 mmCool and cloudy
SpringSeptember to November15-22°C80-120 mmMild and sunny

Best Time To Visit

Best months: September to November and March to May. Why: These periods offer mild and pleasant weather, with average temperatures ranging from 15-24°C, making it ideal for outdoor activities such as hiking and sightseeing. Avoid: June to August, as the weather can be cool and cloudy, with limited sunshine and increased rainfall.

Natural Highlights

  • Norfolk Island National Park: a protected area that covers approximately 10% of the island's land area and is home to a diverse range of flora and fauna.
  • Philip Island: a small island located off the coast of Norfolk Island, known for its unique wildlife and landscapes.
  • Mount Bates: the highest point on the island, offering stunning views of the surrounding landscape and ocean.
  • Emily Bay: a popular beach and lagoon, known for its clear waters and diverse range of marine life.
  • Norfolk Island Botanic Garden: a garden that showcases the island's unique and diverse range of flora, including pines, eucalyptus, and fern trees.
  • Georges Head: a rocky headland that offers stunning views of the surrounding ocean and coastline, and is home to a diverse range of seabirds and marine life.