Verified Facts

Official NameRepublic of Madagascar
CapitalAntananarivo
Population31.7 million
Area587,041 km² (226,658 sq mi)
LanguagesFrench, Malagasy
CurrencyMalagasy ariary (Ar)
TimezoneUTC+03:00
RegionAfrica / Eastern Africa
Drives onRight
Source: REST Countries API

Quick Facts

Administrative Divisions22 regions, 114 districts, 1,579 communes
Largest CityAntananarivo, 1.4M
CapitalAntananarivo
Number of Cities Over 1M2

How Madagascar Is Divided

Madagascar is divided into 22 regions, which are further divided into 114 districts and 1,579 communes. The country's administrative structure is based on a decentralized system, with each region having a significant amount of autonomy. The regions are grouped into six provinces, although these provinces do not have any administrative powers. The capital city, Antananarivo, is the largest city in the country and serves as the economic and cultural hub.

The administrative divisions of Madagascar are designed to provide a framework for the delivery of public services and the management of natural resources. Each region has its own unique characteristics, with some being more urbanized and industrialized, while others are more rural and agricultural. The regional divisions also reflect the country's cultural and linguistic diversity, with different regions having their own distinct traditions and customs.

Major Cities

Antananarivo (1.4M)

Role: capital, economic hub, cultural center

Known For: its historic architecture, vibrant markets, and stunning natural surroundings

Best For: visitors interested in history, culture, and urban exploration

Toamasina (200,000)

Role: port city, economic hub

Known For: its strategic location on the east coast and its role in the country's trade and commerce

Best For: visitors interested in business, trade, and industry

Antsirabe (200,000)

Role: cultural center, tourist hub

Known For: its hot springs, scenic landscapes, and traditional crafts

Best For: visitors interested in relaxation, culture, and outdoor activities

Fianarantsoa (150,000)

Role: cultural center, educational hub

Known For: its historic architecture, vibrant arts scene, and stunning natural surroundings

Best For: visitors interested in history, culture, and education

Mahajanga (150,000)

Role: port city, economic hub

Known For: its strategic location on the west coast and its role in the country's trade and commerce

Best For: visitors interested in business, trade, and industry

Toliara (100,000)

Role: port city, economic hub

Known For: its stunning beaches, coral reefs, and vibrant cultural scene

Best For: visitors interested in relaxation, water sports, and cultural exploration

Sambirano (50,000)

Role: tourist hub, cultural center

Known For: its stunning natural beauty, vibrant arts scene, and traditional crafts

Best For: visitors interested in outdoor activities, culture, and relaxation

Key Regions

RegionCharacterKnown ForMajor City
AnalamangaUrbanized, industrializedHistoric architecture, vibrant marketsAntananarivo
Atsimo-AtsinananaCoastal, tropicalStunning beaches, coral reefsTolagnaro
Haute MatsiatraMountainous, ruralScenic landscapes, traditional craftsFianarantsoa
MelakyCoastal, ruralStunning natural beauty, vibrant cultural sceneMaintirano
SavaCoastal, tropicalStunning beaches, coral reefsSambava
Vatovavy-FitovinanyCoastal, ruralScenic landscapes, traditional craftsManakara
DianaCoastal, urbanizedStrategic location, vibrant cultural sceneAntsiranana
MenabeCoastal, ruralStunning natural beauty, traditional craftsMorondava

Regional Differences

  • The coastal regions of Madagascar, such as Atsimo-Atsinanana and Diana, have a more tropical climate and are known for their stunning beaches and coral reefs.
  • The mountainous regions, such as Haute Matsiatra and Vatovavy-Fitovinany, have a more temperate climate and are known for their scenic landscapes and traditional crafts.
  • The urbanized regions, such as Analamanga and Antananarivo, have a more modern and industrialized economy, while the rural regions, such as Melaky and Menabe, have a more traditional and agricultural economy.
  • The cultural differences between regions are also significant, with different regions having their own distinct traditions, customs, and languages.

Getting Around

Madagascar has a relatively well-developed transportation network, with domestic flights, trains, buses, and taxis available. The country's main airport is located in Antananarivo, and there are several other international airports located in major cities such as Toamasina and Antsiranana. The train network is limited, but it connects the capital city to several major cities, including Toamasina and Fianarantsoa. Buses and taxis are widely available, and are a popular mode of transportation for both locals and tourists. However, the road network is not always well-maintained, and driving conditions can be challenging, especially in rural areas.

The best way to get around Madagascar depends on the region and the type of transportation available. In urban areas, such as Antananarivo and Toamasina, taxis and buses are widely available and relatively affordable. In rural areas, such as Haute Matsiatra and Melaky, the road network is not always well-maintained, and driving conditions can be challenging. In these areas, it may be necessary to hire a private vehicle or use a local guide to get around. Additionally, there are several tour operators that offer transportation services, including car rentals and guided tours, which can be a convenient and relatively affordable way to get around the country.