Verified Facts
The population of Cambodia is comprised of approximately 17 million people, with a diverse mix of ethnic groups, languages, and religions, and a relatively young age distribution.
Quick Facts
Population Overview
Cambodia's population has been steadily increasing over the years, with an estimated growth rate of 1.4% per annum. The country's population size is relatively small compared to its neighbors, but its growth rate is higher than the average in Southeast Asia. The urban population accounts for approximately 24.6% of the total population, with the majority residing in rural areas. Phnom Penh, the capital city, is the most populous urban center, with a population of over 2 million people. Cambodia's population is also characterized by a high proportion of young people, with approximately 30% of the population under the age of 15.
The population growth trend in Cambodia is influenced by factors such as fertility rates, mortality rates, and migration patterns. The total fertility rate has been declining over the years, from 4.5 children per woman in 2000 to 2.7 children per woman in 2020. The life expectancy at birth has also increased, from 58 years in 2000 to 68.7 years in 2020. However, the country still faces challenges related to healthcare, education, and economic development, which can impact population growth and development.
Cambodia's population is also influenced by migration patterns, both within the country and across borders. Many Cambodians migrate to neighboring countries, such as Thailand and Vietnam, in search of employment opportunities. Additionally, there are significant numbers of Cambodians living abroad, particularly in the United States, France, and Australia, who contribute to the country's economy through remittances.
Ethnic Groups
| Ethnic Group | Percentage | Region | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Khmer | 90% | Nationwide | Dominant ethnic group |
| Cham | 5% | Southeastern regions | Muslim minority group |
| Vietnamese | 2% | Eastern regions | Immigrant community |
| Chinese | 1% | Urban areas | Business and trade community |
| Lao | 1% | Northern regions | Border community |
| Kuy | 0.5% | Northeastern regions | Indigenous group |
| Tampuan | 0.5% | Northeastern regions | Indigenous group |
| The ethnic diversity in Cambodia is characterized by a dominant Khmer population, with smaller minority groups, including the Cham, Vietnamese, Chinese, and indigenous groups such as the Kuy and Tampuan. The Cham community, for example, is a significant Muslim minority group, with a distinct language and cultural practices. The Vietnamese and Chinese communities have also played important roles in the country's economic development, particularly in trade and commerce. The indigenous groups, such as the Kuy and Tampuan, have their own distinct languages and cultural practices, and are recognized as part of the country's rich cultural heritage. |
Languages
- Khmer is the official language, spoken by the majority of the population
- Regional languages, such as Cham and Vietnamese, are spoken by minority groups
- English is becoming increasingly popular as a second language, particularly among the younger population
- French is also spoken by some Cambodians, particularly in the education and government sectors
- Indigenous languages, such as Kuy and Tampuan, are spoken by smaller communities in rural areas
Religions
| Religion | Percentage | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Theravada Buddhism | 96.9% | Dominant religion |
| Islam | 2.2% | Minority religion, primarily among the Cham community |
| Christianity | 0.8% | Minority religion, primarily among the Vietnamese and Chinese communities |
| Animism | 0.5% | Indigenous beliefs, practiced by some rural communities |
| Other | 0.6% | Includes Hinduism, Taoism, and other minority religions |
| The majority of the population in Cambodia practices Theravada Buddhism, which plays a significant role in the country's culture and traditions. The Cham community, on the other hand, practices Islam, and there are also smaller communities of Christians, primarily among the Vietnamese and Chinese populations. The country's constitution guarantees freedom of religion, and there is generally a high level of tolerance and respect for different faiths. |
Age Distribution
| Age Group | Percentage | Implications |
|---|---|---|
| 0-14 | 30.4% | High dependency ratio, significant investment in education and healthcare |
| 15-24 | 22.3% | Large youth population, potential for economic growth and development |
| 25-54 | 41.2% | Working-age population, driving economic growth and productivity |
| 55-64 | 4.5% | Aging population, increasing healthcare needs |
| 65+ | 1.6% | Elderly population, requiring social support and care |
| The age distribution in Cambodia is characterized by a relatively young population, with a high proportion of people under the age of 15. This has significant implications for the country's education and healthcare systems, as well as its economic development. The large youth population also presents opportunities for economic growth and development, as well as challenges related to employment and social stability. |
Urbanization & Major Cities
- Phnom Penh is the largest city, with a population of over 2 million people
- Siem Reap is a major tourist hub, with a growing population and economy
- Battambang is a significant urban center, with a population of over 250,000 people
- Sihanoukville is a major port city, with a growing economy and population
- The urban-rural split is approximately 24.6% to 75.4%, with significant migration from rural to urban areas
The urbanization trend in Cambodia is driven by economic opportunities, education, and healthcare, with many people migrating from rural areas to urban centers in search of better living standards. The major cities, such as Phnom Penh and Siem Reap, are experiencing rapid growth and development, with significant investments in infrastructure, tourism, and industry. However, the urban-rural divide remains a significant challenge, with rural areas often lacking access to basic services and amenities.