🇲🇳 Getting Around Mongolia — Transport & Travel Guide

To get around in Mongolia, you can utilize a variety of transportation options, including domestic flights, trains, buses, and taxis, as well as rent cars or hire drivers for more flexibility.

Getting There

Mongolia can be accessed through its main international airport, Chinggis Khaan International Airport (ULN), located about 18 kilometers southwest of the capital city, Ulaanbaatar. The airport receives direct flights from major hubs such as Beijing, Seoul, and Moscow, as well as connecting flights from other Asian and European cities. Overland entry points are also available, with border crossings from Russia and China, although these options may require more time and planning.

For those traveling overland, the most common entry points are at the border towns of Zamyn-Uud (from China) and Altanbulag (from Russia). There are also bus services available from neighboring countries, although these may not always be reliable or frequent. It's essential to research and plan ahead when entering Mongolia by land, as facilities and services may be limited at border crossings.

Domestic Flights

Mongolia's domestic air network is moderate, with several airlines operating flights between major cities, including Ulaanbaatar, Dalanzadgad, and Khovd. The main domestic airlines are MIAT Mongolian Airlines and Hunnu Air, which offer regular flights to various destinations throughout the country. Booking in advance is recommended, especially during peak travel seasons, as flights can fill up quickly. Approximate costs for domestic flights range from $50 to $200, depending on the route and airline.

When booking domestic flights, it's a good idea to check with the airlines for any special promotions or discounts, as well as to confirm flight schedules and prices. Some airlines may also offer package deals that include accommodations and tours, which can be a convenient option for travelers.

Trains & Rail

Mongolia's rail network is limited, with only a few routes available, including the Trans-Mongolian Railway, which connects Ulaanbaatar to Beijing and Moscow. The rail network is mostly used for freight transport, but there are some passenger trains available, including the Trans-Mongolian Railway and the Ulaanbaatar-Irkutsk Railway. The trains are generally slow and not very comfortable, but they offer a unique way to see the countryside. Booking train tickets can be done through the railway station or through a travel agency, and it's recommended to book in advance, especially during peak travel seasons.

There are no high-speed train options available in Mongolia, and the trains can be quite slow, with average speeds of around 50-60 km/h. However, the scenic views of the Mongolian countryside can make up for the slow pace, and the train ride can be a memorable experience.

Buses & Coaches

Mongolia has a network of intercity buses and coaches that connect major cities and towns, including Ulaanbaatar, Dalanzadgad, and Khovd. The buses are generally comfortable and reliable, although the roads can be rough, especially in rural areas. The main bus companies are Mongol Post and Ulaanbaatar Bus Station, which offer regular services to various destinations throughout the country. Costs for bus travel range from $5 to $20, depending on the route and type of bus.

When traveling by bus, it's a good idea to check the schedule and prices in advance, as well as to book tickets early to secure a seat. Some bus companies may also offer package deals that include accommodations and tours, which can be a convenient option for travelers.

City Transport

Driving

• To drive in Mongolia, you will need to obtain a Mongolian driver's license or use an international driver's license, although the latter may not always be recognized.
• Road conditions in Mongolia can be poor, especially in rural areas, with many roads being unpaved and dusty.
• Fuel costs in Mongolia are relatively high, with prices ranging from $1 to $2 per liter, depending on the location and type of fuel.
• Car rental companies are available in Ulaanbaatar and other major cities, with costs ranging from $40 to $100 per day, depending on the type of vehicle and rental company.
• When driving in Mongolia, be aware of the poor road conditions, lack of road signs, and aggressive driving styles of local drivers.
• It's also essential to have a 4WD vehicle when traveling in rural areas, as many roads are unpaved and require a high-clearance vehicle.

Transport Tips

• Be aware of scams and overcharging by taxi drivers and other transportation providers, and always agree on a price before starting your journey.
• Payment methods in Mongolia include cash, credit cards, and mobile payments, although cash is still the most widely accepted method.
• Download local apps, such as Mongol Taxi or Ulaanbaatar Bus, to help you navigate the city and find transportation options.
• Respect local customs and traditions when traveling in Mongolia, especially when interacting with nomadic families or visiting rural areas.
• Learn some basic Mongolian phrases, such as "hello" (sain bain uu) and "thank you" (bayarlaa), to help you communicate with locals.
• Be prepared for delays and changes in transportation schedules, especially during peak travel seasons or in rural areas.
• Stay safe by avoiding traveling alone at night, using reputable transportation providers, and keeping valuables secure.
• Bring a map or GPS device, as well as a first-aid kit and emergency supplies**, when traveling in rural areas or on long-distance journeys.