Verified Facts
The population of Sao Tome and Principe is composed of a diverse group of people, with approximately 209,607 individuals living on the islands, representing a unique blend of African, Portuguese, and other cultural influences.
Quick Facts
Population Overview
The population of Sao Tome and Principe is relatively small, with approximately 209,607 individuals living on the islands. In terms of population size, Sao Tome and Principe is one of the smallest countries in Africa. The population has been growing at a rate of 1.5% per annum, with a relatively high fertility rate of 3.5 children per woman. The majority of the population, around 73.3%, lives in urban areas, with the capital city of Sao Tome being the largest urban center. The population density is approximately 217 people per square kilometer, which is relatively high compared to other African countries.
The population growth trend in Sao Tome and Principe is characterized by a high birth rate and a relatively low death rate. The country has made significant progress in reducing infant mortality rates and improving access to healthcare, which has contributed to the population growth. However, the country still faces challenges related to poverty, lack of access to education, and limited economic opportunities, which can impact population growth and development.
Urbanization is a significant trend in Sao Tome and Principe, with many people moving to urban areas in search of better economic opportunities and access to services. The capital city of Sao Tome is the main urban center, and it is home to a significant proportion of the country's population. The city is a hub for commerce, education, and healthcare, and it offers a range of amenities and services that are not available in rural areas.
Ethnic Groups
| Ethnic Group | Percentage | Region | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mestico | 71% | Nationwide | Mixed African and Portuguese ancestry |
| Angolares | 15% | Southern Sao Tome | Descendants of Angolan slaves |
| Forros | 12% | Northern Sao Tome | Descendants of freed slaves |
| Servicais | 1% | Principe | Contract workers from other African countries |
| Europeans | 1% | Nationwide | Mostly Portuguese and other European expatriates |
The ethnic groups in Sao Tome and Principe are characterized by a mix of African, Portuguese, and other influences. The Mestico group, which accounts for approximately 71% of the population, is a mix of African and Portuguese ancestry. The Angolares, who make up around 15% of the population, are descendants of Angolan slaves who were brought to the islands. The Forros, who account for around 12% of the population, are descendants of freed slaves. The Servicais, who make up around 1% of the population, are contract workers from other African countries. The Europeans, who account for around 1% of the population, are mostly Portuguese and other European expatriates. The ethnic groups in Sao Tome and Principe coexist relatively peacefully, with a strong sense of national identity and a mix of cultural influences.
Languages
- Portuguese is the official language of Sao Tome and Principe, and it is widely spoken throughout the country.
- Forro is a creole language that is spoken by the Forro people, who are descendants of freed slaves.
- Angolar is a language that is spoken by the Angolares, who are descendants of Angolan slaves.
- Principe Creole is a language that is spoken on the island of Principe.
- Portuguese-based creoles are also spoken in various parts of the country, particularly in urban areas.
Religions
| Religion | Percentage | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Christianity | 82% | Mostly Catholic, with some Protestant and Evangelical groups |
| Traditional African Religions | 12% | Animist and ancestor worship practices |
| Islam | 3% | Small but growing Muslim community |
| Other | 3% | Includes Baha'i, Hindu, and other minority groups |
The majority of the population in Sao Tome and Principe practices Christianity, with around 82% of the population identifying as Christian. The Catholic Church is the largest Christian denomination, but there are also Protestant and Evangelical groups. Traditional African Religions are also practiced, particularly in rural areas, with around 12% of the population identifying with these beliefs. Islam is a small but growing religion in the country, with around 3% of the population identifying as Muslim. The country has a long history of religious tolerance, and the constitution guarantees freedom of worship.
Age Distribution
| Age Group | Percentage | Implications |
|---|---|---|
| 0-14 | 42% | High dependency ratio, with a large proportion of the population in the younger age groups |
| 15-24 | 21% | Significant proportion of the population in the working-age group, with potential for economic growth |
| 25-54 | 30% | Largest proportion of the population in the working-age group, with significant economic potential |
| 55-64 | 5% | Smaller proportion of the population in the older age groups, with potential for aging population challenges |
| 65+ | 2% | Smallest proportion of the population, with potential for aging population challenges and increased healthcare costs |
Urbanization & Major Cities
- The capital city of Sao Tome is the largest urban center, with a population of around 70,000 people.
- The city of Neves is the second-largest urban center, with a population of around 10,000 people.
- The city of Santana is a growing urban center, with a population of around 5,000 people.
- The urban population is growing rapidly, with many people moving to cities in search of better economic opportunities and access to services.
- The diaspora community is significant, with many Sao Tomeans living abroad, particularly in Portugal, Angola, and other African countries.