Verified Facts
The population of Burundi is comprised of approximately 13.2 million people, with a diverse range of ethnic groups, languages, and religions, making it a unique and culturally rich country in the heart of Africa.
Quick Facts
Population Overview
The population of Burundi is relatively small compared to other countries in Africa, but it is growing rapidly, with an estimated annual growth rate of 3.1%. This growth is largely driven by a high total fertility rate, which is approximately 5.5 children per woman. The population is predominantly rural, with only about 13% of the population living in urban areas. However, urbanization is increasing, with many young people moving to cities in search of better economic opportunities. Burundi's population is also characterized by a large youth demographic, with a median age of 17.5 years, which presents both opportunities and challenges for the country's development.
The population of Burundi has been affected by various factors, including poverty, conflict, and migration. The country has experienced several periods of conflict and instability, which have led to the displacement of people and the disruption of economic activities. Additionally, many Burundians have migrated to other countries in search of better economic opportunities, which has contributed to a significant diaspora community. Despite these challenges, the population of Burundi is resilient and diverse, with a strong cultural identity and a rich tradition of community and social cohesion.
The growth of the population in Burundi is also influenced by the country's high fertility rate, which is driven by a combination of factors, including limited access to family planning services, cultural and social norms, and a lack of education and economic opportunities. The government of Burundi has implemented various policies and programs aimed at reducing the fertility rate and promoting sustainable population growth, including the provision of family planning services and education and economic empowerment programs for women and girls.
Ethnic Groups
| Ethnic Group | Percentage | Region | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hutu | 85% | Throughout the country | Largest ethnic group |
| Tutsi | 14% | Throughout the country | Second-largest ethnic group |
| Twa | 1% | Throughout the country | Smallest ethnic group, traditionally hunters and gatherers |
| Ganwa | 0.5% | Northwest | Descendants of the royal family |
| Hima | 0.2% | Northwest | Cattle herders and farmers |
| Luba | 0.1% | South | Migrants from the Democratic Republic of Congo |
| Banyarwanda | 0.1% | East | Migrants from Rwanda |
The ethnic groups in Burundi are diverse and complex, with the Hutu and Tutsi being the largest and most prominent groups. The relationship between these groups has been historically complex, with periods of conflict and tension, particularly during the civil war of the 1990s. However, in recent years, there has been an effort to promote reconciliation and unity among the different ethnic groups, and the country has made significant progress in this area. The Twa, who are the smallest ethnic group, have traditionally been marginalized and excluded from mainstream society, but efforts are being made to promote their rights and inclusion.
Languages
- Kirundi is the official language and is spoken by the majority of the population
- French is also an official language and is widely used in government, education, and business
- Swahili is a regional language that is widely spoken, particularly in urban areas
- English is becoming increasingly popular, particularly among the younger population and in the tourism sector
- Several local languages, including Rundi and Kinyarwanda, are also spoken in different parts of the country
Religions
| Religion | Percentage | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Christianity | 90% | Majority of the population, with Catholics and Protestants being the largest denominations |
| Islam | 5% | Minority religion, with a small but growing community |
| Traditional African Religions | 3% | Small but significant minority, with many people practicing a combination of traditional and Christian or Islamic beliefs |
| Other | 2% | Includes Baha'i, Hinduism, and other minority religions |
Burundi is a religiously diverse country, with Christianity being the dominant religion. The relationship between different religious groups is generally good, with a high level of tolerance and respect. However, there have been instances of tension and conflict, particularly between Christians and Muslims. The government of Burundi has implemented policies aimed at promoting religious freedom and tolerance, and there are several organizations and initiatives that work to promote interfaith dialogue and understanding.
Age Distribution
| Age Group | Percentage | Implications |
|---|---|---|
| 0-14 | 45% | Large youth population, with significant implications for education and healthcare |
| 15-24 | 20% | Significant demographic of young adults, with implications for employment and economic development |
| 25-54 | 30% | Working-age population, with implications for economic productivity and growth |
| 55-64 | 4% | Aging population, with implications for healthcare and social security |
| 65+ | 1% | Small but growing elderly population, with implications for social care and support |
Urbanization & Major Cities
- The urban population of Burundi is approximately 13%, with the majority of people living in rural areas
- The capital city, Gitega, is the largest urban center, with a population of over 300,000 people
- Bujumbura, the former capital, is the second-largest city, with a population of over 200,000 people
- Other major cities include Rumonge, Ngozi, and Makamba, which are all growing rapidly and experiencing significant urbanization
- The diaspora community of Burundians living abroad is significant, with many people living in countries such as Rwanda, Tanzania, and the Democratic Republic of Congo.